• 1 week ago

Seasonal Illnesses in Children

What Are Seasonal Illnesses?

Seasonal illnesses are infections or conditions that occur more frequently during certain times of the year, due to changes in weather, indoor crowding, or environmental allergens. In children, these illnesses are especially common in fall, winter, and spring.

Most seasonal illnesses are viral and resolve on their own—but some may lead to complications, especially in infants or children with underlying conditions.

Most Common Seasonal Illnesses

Common Cold (Viral Rhinitis)

  • Symptoms: Runny nose, sneezing, mild cough, low fever
  • Duration: 5–10 days
  • Treatment: Fluids, rest, nasal saline
  • Antibiotics are not needed

Influenza (Flu)

  • Symptoms: High fever, body aches, fatigue, dry cough, chills
  • Duration: 7–14 days
  • Treatment: Rest, hydration; antivirals may be prescribed early
  • Prevention: Yearly flu vaccination (recommended in fall)

Bronchiolitis (RSV and others)

  • Age group: Most common in babies under 2 years
  • Symptoms: Wheezing, congestion, rapid breathing, cough
  • Cause: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and others
  • Treatment: Breathing support, nasal suctioning; hospitalization if needed

Croup (Laryngitis)

  • Symptoms: Barky cough, hoarseness, nighttime breathing difficulty
  • Course: Sudden onset, often worse at night
  • Treatment: Cool mist, corticosteroids in moderate–severe cases

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

  • Symptoms: Sneezing, itchy nose, watery eyes, clear runny nose
  • Triggers: Pollen (spring/fall), dust, mold
  • Treatment: Antihistamines, nasal sprays
  • Prevention: Limit outdoor exposure during high pollen periods

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

  • Season: Late summer to fall
  • Symptoms: Fever, mouth sores, rash on hands/feet
  • Duration: 7–10 days
  • Treatment: Pain control, hydration, soft foods
  • Note: Highly contagious; keep child home from daycare/school

What You Can Do at Home

  • Encourage frequent handwashing
  • Use nasal saline and suction for congestion
  • Offer plenty of fluids and rest
  • Use fever reducers (acetaminophen/ibuprofen) as needed
  • Maintain humid air in rooms
  • Avoid unnecessary antibiotics for viral infections

When to See a Doctor

  • Fever over 38.5°C (101.3°F) lasting more than 3 days
  • Difficulty breathing or chest retractions
  • Baby is not feeding, overly sleepy, or unresponsive
  • Rash, vomiting, or signs of dehydration
  • Recurring or worsening symptoms after 5–7 days

Prevention Tips

  • Annual flu shot (recommended for all children over 6 months)
  • Keep sick children home from school/daycare
  • Dress appropriately for changing weather (avoid overheating or getting chilled)
  • Maintain a nutrient-rich diet, consistent sleep, and physical activity
  • Avoid smoking or secondhand smoke exposure
  • Clean surfaces and toys regularly during cold/flu season

Seasonal Health Support with Dr. Ekin Pasinlioğlu

  • Detailed assessment of symptoms and risk level
  • Differentiation between viral and bacterial infections
  • Guidance on supportive care and when antibiotics are needed
  • Return-to-school guidance
  • Vaccination support (flu, RSV where applicable)
  • Special monitoring for high-risk groups (premature babies, allergy-prone children)