• 8 hours ago

Side Effects After 4-Month Vaccinations in Babies

Which Vaccines Are Given at 4 Months?

According to the Turkish National Immunization Schedule, the following vaccines are administered at 4 months:

  • DTaP-IPV-Hib: Combination vaccine for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, and Haemophilus influenzae type B
  • PCV: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
  • Rotavirus Vaccine (optional, given in private clinics)

These vaccines stimulate the immune system to provide protection but may also cause temporary side effects as a result of immune activation.

Most Common Side Effects After 4-Month Vaccinations

1. Redness, Swelling, and Hardness at Injection Site

This is the most common reaction. It usually appears at the thigh where the injection was given. Redness and swelling up to 2–3 cm in diameter is considered normal. Firmness may last up to a week.

2. Mild Fever

A temperature of up to 38°C (100.4°F) is considered a normal immune response and typically resolves within 48 hours.

3. Irritability and Changes in Sleep Patterns

Some babies may become more fussy, cry more frequently, or experience temporary disruptions in sleep.

4. Decreased Appetite

Babies may nurse or eat less for a day or two post-vaccination. This is usually temporary.

5. Mild Diarrhea (Due to Rotavirus Vaccine)

Since rotavirus is a live oral vaccine, mild diarrhea or changes in stool consistency can occur.

Less Common But Notable Side Effects

1. High Fever (>38.5°C / 101.3°F)

Though rare, high fever can occur. It should be managed with pediatric fever-reducing medications like paracetamol and monitored closely.

2. Injection Site Abscess

If swelling persists beyond 3–4 days, and the area becomes red, warm, or starts to ooze pus, it may indicate a local infection.

3. Allergic Reactions

In rare cases, vaccines may trigger allergic responses such as hives, widespread rash, or difficulty breathing. These require urgent medical attention.

4. Prolonged Crying (>3 hours)

Some inactivated pertussis vaccines may cause prolonged high-pitched crying, usually within the first few hours after injection. It is generally self-limiting but should be monitored.

When Should You Contact a Doctor?

Seek medical help if your baby experiences:

  • Fever over 38.5°C that lasts more than 48 hours
  • Severe redness, swelling, or pus at the injection site
  • Trouble breathing or bluish skin color
  • Seizure-like movements
  • Generalized body rash

Post-Vaccine Care Tips for Parents

  • Monitor temperature: Avoid overdressing the baby. Use fever-reducing medications as prescribed if the temperature exceeds 38.5°C.
  • Keep injection site clean: Do not apply creams or compresses unless advised by a doctor. Avoid tight clothing.
  • Encourage feeding: Continue breastfeeding or bottle-feeding to ensure hydration.
  • Observe your baby closely for the first 24 hours. Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider promptly.