• 2 days ago

How Long Should Newborn Jaundice Last?

What Is Jaundice in Newborns?

Jaundice (icterus) is the yellow discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes, caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. In newborns, the liver is still maturing and may not efficiently break down and eliminate bilirubin, resulting in its accumulation.

When Does Newborn Jaundice Start and How Long Does It Last?

1. Physiological (Normal) Jaundice

  • Onset: Typically appears on the 2nd or 3rd day after birth
  • Peak levels: Around days 4–5
  • Resolution: Clears within 1–2 weeks without treatment
  • In premature babies: May start later and last up to 2–3 weeks

Physiological jaundice is common and usually harmless if the baby is feeding well and remains active. Still, careful monitoring is important.

2. Pathological Jaundice (When It’s Concerning)

Jaundice is considered abnormal in the following situations:

  • Begins within the first 24 hours of life
  • Bilirubin levels rise rapidly (>5 mg/dL per day)
  • Spreads below the chest and abdomen
  • Lasts longer than 2 weeks (prolonged jaundice)
  • Baby has pale stools and dark urine

These signs require urgent evaluation by a pediatrician.

Factors Affecting Duration of Jaundice

  • Gestational age: Premature babies have immature livers and slower bilirubin processing
  • Feeding status: Inadequate breastfeeding may increase bilirubin levels
  • Breast milk jaundice: Can last 3–6 weeks but is usually harmless
  • Blood group incompatibility: Rh or ABO incompatibility can cause early and severe jaundice
  • Liver enzyme deficiencies or genetic/metabolic disorders

What Is Breast Milk Jaundice? How Long Does It Last?

Breast milk jaundice typically begins in the first week and may persist for 3–6 weeks. It is believed to be caused by substances in breast milk that affect bilirubin breakdown. If the baby is growing well, feeding adequately, and has no other concerning signs, treatment is usually unnecessary.

What to Do If Jaundice Persists Beyond 2 Weeks

Prolonged jaundice (lasting more than 14 days) requires further medical evaluation, including:

  • Total and direct bilirubin tests
  • Liver function tests
  • Thyroid hormone screening
  • Observation of stool and urine color
  • Abdominal ultrasound if needed

Some cases may indicate congenital liver diseases or bile duct obstructions.

When Is Phototherapy Needed?

Phototherapy is a light treatment that helps reduce bilirubin levels in the blood. It is recommended when:

  • Bilirubin exceeds age-specific safe thresholds
  • Jaundice spreads below the lower body
  • Baby shows signs of poor feeding or lethargy

Phototherapy is typically administered in a hospital setting and often yields results within a few days.

Tips for Monitoring Jaundice at Home

  • Check for yellowing of the eyes and skin regularly
  • Monitor if the yellow color spreads to the limbs or lower body
  • Ensure the baby is feeding well and producing regular urine and stools
  • Consult your doctor promptly if you notice any worsening or new symptoms