• 1 month ago

Why Do Newborns Hiccup Frequently? When Does It Stop?

What Is a Hiccup and Why Does It Occur in Newborns?

A hiccup (singultus) is an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords, producing the characteristic “hic” sound. Even before birth, babies can experience hiccups in the womb. After delivery, these reflexes are more noticeable during the first weeks of life.

It is estimated that up to 80% of newborns experience hiccups regularly during their first month.

Common Causes of Frequent Hiccups in Newborns

Although usually physiological, hiccups in infants can have various causes:

1. Immature Digestive System

Newborns have underdeveloped gastrointestinal systems. Swallowing air during feeding and gas buildup in the stomach are common, which can stimulate the diaphragm and trigger hiccups.

2. Swallowing Air While Feeding

  • Improper feeding position
  • Rapid feeding or rushing bottle feeds
  • Inadequate latching on the breast or bottle nipple

These scenarios can increase air intake and contribute to stomach distension and hiccups.

3. Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER)

In some infants, stomach acid may flow back into the esophagus, irritating the diaphragm. Reflux-related hiccups tend to be frequent and may be accompanied by spitting up, irritability, or coughing.

4. Sudden Temperature Changes

Exposing a baby to cold air or removing their clothes quickly can cause body temperature fluctuations that stimulate the hiccup reflex.

5. Overfeeding or Certain Food Components

A full stomach or feeding too quickly can lead to diaphragm irritation and trigger hiccups.

Are Hiccups Harmful? Should Parents Be Concerned?

Generally, no. Hiccups are a normal part of infancy and usually resolve without any intervention. However, you should consult a pediatrician if:

  • Hiccups last more than 30 minutes
  • They occur more than 5–6 times per day
  • They are accompanied by vomiting, crying, or skin color changes
  • Feeding difficulties or discomfort is noticeable

When Do Baby Hiccups Stop?

In most babies, hiccups gradually decrease by 3 to 4 months of age. As the digestive system matures and the baby gains better control over swallowing and breathing, hiccup episodes become less frequent.

Some infants may continue to experience occasional hiccups until 6 months or even up to 12 months, though this is typically harmless.

Tips to Reduce Hiccups in Newborns

1. Proper Feeding Position

  • Keep the baby’s head elevated above their chest during feeding
  • Feed slowly and calmly
  • Ensure the breast or bottle nipple seals well in the baby’s mouth

2. Burping After Each Feeding

Burping helps release trapped air in the stomach, reducing pressure on the diaphragm and preventing hiccups.

3. Creating a Calm Feeding Environment

Avoid overstimulation during and after feeding. Gentle surroundings support relaxed breathing and digestion.

4. Use of a Pacifier

Sucking on a pacifier may help soothe the diaphragm and shorten the duration of mild hiccup episodes.

5. Monitoring for Reflux

If GER is suspected, your pediatrician may recommend dietary changes, feeding adjustments, or medication in rare cases.